Introduction
Multiple devices work together in an automatic fire alarm system to inform people when there is smoke, fire, carbon monoxide, or other emergency using optical and audible devices. These alarms are triggered by smoke and heat. It turns on by itself. It can also be activated by manual call points, such as manual fire alarms. Alarm bells and wall horns can also be activated. Speakers can also be included. The sound of an alert is an evacuation message informing people not to use the elevator and informing them of an emergency.
Types
Classical Fire Panel
Addressable Fire Panel
Commonly we are use classical fire alarm panel system.
Zone
To safeguard the zone, smoke detectors have been put in each zone, and a pair of wires with terminals have been provided to link them. Each zone is equipped with 30 to 20 (30-20) smoke detectors. Fire alarms of the traditional type are permissible. In addition, the spacing between them should be 20 square feet.
Procedure
The procedure is explained below;
Fire Alarm Testing
There are two ways to test a fire alarm panel system.
By test spray
By pressing the call point
Both methods are described.
By test spray
To conduct this test, an electrician or technician enters the production hall and sprays near any smoke detector devices. The spray is detected by the smoke detector sensor, which sends a directive to the fire alarm panel. The instruction is received by the fire alarm panel, which begins to honk.
Outside the building, there is also a 3-phase hooter that is linked to the fire alarm panel. Audio fire alarm notification equipment used in public must be at least 15 decibels (dB) louder than the normal noise level.
By pressing the call point
To conduct this test, an electrician or technician enters the production hall and pushes any call point, which causes the call point sounder (horn) to begin beeping and transmits a command to the fire alarm panel. The horn begins to beep.
The fire alarm panel begins to function as soon as it gets the instruction or immediately begins to honk, and the fault gets displayed on the fire alarm panel.
Fault detection
When a smoke detector detects a fault such as fluff smoke or fire, it immediately sends a command to the fire alarm panel.
The fire alarm panel receives the command and starts honking.
The concerned electrician / technician investigates the situation at the fire alarm panel. On the fire alarm panel, there is a display bar that indicates the number of the zone or location where the defect or problem occurs. A list containing the name of the area and the number of zones in the area is always placed beneath the fire alarm panel, as seen below.
The concerned electrician / technician then goes to the place and inspects the surroundings. If there is no sign of burning or smoke, then the electrician opens the faulty smoke detector and cleans it thoroughly.
The electrician / technician then makes sure that the smoke detector is well attached to the ceiling.
The electrician / technician makes sure that the smoke detector is clean and free of any paint, dirt, etc.
The electrician / technician makes sure that the smoke detector is well cleaned and the ventilation holes are clean and not closed.
The concerned electrician / technician will immediately replace the smoke detector if it is not working.
The concerned electrician / technician then goes back to the fire alarm panel and resets the panel, to clear fault. The honking stops after successful troubleshooting.
Model number
Mostly Inim SMART LINE 036-4 fire alarm panel is preferred.
Battery system
Each fire alarm panel has its own built in battery system. Two batteries of 12V & 17Ah which are connected in series are used. Charger uses 27.6 V DC & 4A.
Cleaning
Every smoke detector must be cleaned at least once a month.
Every smoke detector should be cleaned with water detergent. It is very important to clean the smoke detectors to keep the fire alarm panel in active condition.
Reviewed by Electrical Engineering World
on
June 09, 2024
Rating:
